House2Home Gardening Hardyhibiscus Tips
 

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A Touch of Hawaii in a Western Garden

The Hardy Hibiscus

hibiscus1

No other flower stimulates the mind like the Hibiscus.  And if you’ve traveled to Hawaii, you more than likely have fond memories of this flower, which strings the islands like a continuous lei.   The variety grown there is, Hibiscus ‘rosa sinensis’, which takes on tree-like proportions, growing flawlessly in the perfect tropical climate to 30 feet tall and 15 feet wide.

Offered in garden centers throughout the west, Hibiscus ‘rosa sinensis’ is generally not hardy in our Mediterranean climate. Frost and freezing temperatures will generally cause cell damage and subsequent demise to these tropical zone beauties. 

Lesser known and more appropriate in hardiness to our harsher climatic conditions are the Hibiscus moscheutos (commonly known as the mallow Hibiscus) clan of old favorites and spectacular new hybrids. 

Native to Eastern United States, the moscheutos sport the largest flowers to be found on any hibiscus2Hibiscus, some approaching dinner plate size. These incredible additions to the garden start blooming during the summer and sport new flowers daily which continue to bloom till frost.  These horticultural gems are a must for those wanting to draw hummingbirds to the garden.

When the first killing frost does hit, the foliage dies to the ground, which requires a swift clean-up.  Simply clip the foliage completely to the ground, where the crown will wait patiently until springs awakening the following year.

Some of the older favorite varieties to look for are the ‘Disco Belle’ hybrids and are the most easily obtained, forming the basic lineup of the hardy Hibiscus.  Available in solid white, white with a red eye, pink and red, these 3 to 4 foot gems are a must for any tropical landscape or perennial border.  They are usually offered for sale in garden centers during the summer when they start to bloom.

New hybrids are continually flooding the market.
 

hibiscus3Look for Blue River ll which sports a 10 inch wide pure white flower, borne on a 6 foot tall upright plant. Lord Baltimore is one of my favorites, sporting a waxy, thick maroon-red flower borne on a plant with attractive glossy foliage.

Other new forms, available from mail order companies like Forest Farm Nursery –www.forestfarm.com include: Bordeaux, Crown Jewel, Fantasia, Fireball, Grenache, Old Yella, and Pinot Noir. Also, of particular merit is Kopper King, a new form with copper colored leaves whichresemble a maple leaf.

Unlike the tropical forms which are usually grown as an annual in the west these extremely hardy shrubs have the unusual ability to grow in extremely wet locations.This makes them a great candidate for the bog garden, or other swampy parts of the garden that have inadequate drainage.
Growing best in heavy soils due to its ability to hold moisture, this hibiscus will grow in lighter soils, as long it is consistently wet during the growing season.  Full sun is best, but in hot climates the flowers will persist longer if sheltered from hot winds.

Two other species of hardy hibiscus are worthy of mention. 

Hibiscus coccineus, also known as Scarlet Hibiscus is native to marshy areas of Georgia and hibiscus4Florida. Although the flowers are simple, this unusual hibiscus has interesting palmate foliage on erect stems that reach seven feet tall.  Plant this one where it will form a tall backdrop for the water garden or perennial border.

Hibiscus mutabilis, also known as Confederate Rose grows to 15 feet tall in climates where it does not freeze.  In the west, where killing frost does hit, this Hibiscus will partially defoliate and suffer some stem die-back.  If this happens it should be cut back to 4 to 5 feet in late winter or early spring. This will promote a new flush of growth which will keep it looking good all season. The variety Rubra is the most popular variety, sporting red flowers, which like all Hibiscus  will draw hummingbirds throughout the flowering season.



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